
History of Matlock and Matlock Bath
Matlock, situated in Derbyshire’s scenic Derwent Valley, grew into a hub for tourism, thanks to the arrival of the railways.
Matlock is a scenic town of many parts: Matlock Town, Matlock Green, Matlock Bank, Matlock Bridge, and Matlock Bath. From its origins as a small settlement recorded in the Domesday Book of 1085, keep reading to take a look at the fascinating History of Matlock and Matlock Bath.
Matlock Bath
Matlock Bath owes its fame to the natural thermal springs first utilised by the Romans. However, it wasn’t until the 17th century that these waters gained popularity for their medicinal properties, establishing the area as a spa destination.
The arrival of the railways in the Victorian era transformed Matlock Bath from a quiet hamlet into a thriving tourist hotspot. Visitors flocked to the area for the renowned water cures, making it one of the most fashionable spa towns of the time. Today, the picturesque riverside promenade, arcades, restaurants, and cafés reflect this rich history of leisure and tourism.
Learn more about Matlock Bath: Visit Peak District, Matlock & Matlock Bath

Matlock Bank and Smedley’s Hydro
Matlock Bank, the steep hillside rising from Crown Square, was once the site of the world’s steepest tramway, the famous “Tuppence Up, Penny Down,” which ran from 1893 to 1927. The area also owes much to John Smedley, who built a world-famous Hydro Cure Centre in the 19th century.
Smedley’s Hydro attracted royalty and celebrities alike in the 1890s, alongside over 20 other hydrotherapy centres in Matlock and Matlock Bath. Though hydrotherapy declined after World War I, Smedley’s Hydro remains a significant landmark, now housing Derbyshire County Council’s offices.
Smedley also constructed Riber Castle, an 1868 Gothic structure at the top of Riber Hill, which stands 800 feet above Matlock. Though now in ruins, its battlements and turrets remain a dominant feature of the landscape.
Matlock Bridge and Dale Road
The original settlement of Matlock grew around the parish church on the east bank of the River Derwent, with Matlock Bridge serving as a key crossing point. This area later developed into a bustling centre during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Dale Road, stretching from Matlock Bridge toward Cromford, showcases the town’s transformation. High Tor, Britain’s tallest sheer cliff, towers above the river, while chalets and mansions nestle into the hillsides.
Nearby Attractions: Lumsdale Valley & Heights of Abraham
Lumsdale Valley
Once a hub of industrial activity powered by Bentley Brook, Lumsdale Valley is now a tranquil spot where nature has reclaimed the ruins of its mills. Walking trails wind through the valley, but visitors are asked to tread carefully to preserve the delicate environment.
Plan your visit: Let’s Go Peak District, Lumsdale Valley
Heights of Abraham
The Heights of Abraham offers a cable car ride with sweeping views of Matlock and the surrounding valleys. At the summit, you can explore the Great Masson Cavern. Guided tours reveal its fascinating 350-million-year history, enhanced by modern light installations that bring the underground world to life.
Plan your visit: Heights of Abraham

Stay in the Matlock Area
Looking for accommodation near Matlock? Our collection of hotels, inns, and holiday cottages in The Peak District offers the perfect base for exploring this historic region. Plan your countryside break and book your stay.